Earlier than the event of the electric telegraph within the 19th century revolutionized how information was transmitted across lengthy distances, historical civilizations corresponding to these in China, Egypt and Greece used drumbeats or smoke indicators to alternate info between far-flung factors. Nonetheless, such strategies had been limited by the weather and the need for an uninterrupted line of sight between receptor points. These limitations also lessened the effectiveness of the semaphore, a contemporary precursor to the electric telegraph. Developed within the early 1790s, the semaphore consisted of a collection of hilltop stations that each had massive movable arms to signal letters and numbers and two telescopes with which to see the other stations. Like ancient smoke indicators, the semaphore was prone to climate and different elements that hindered visibility. A distinct technique of transmitting info was needed to make common and reliable lengthy-distance communication workable.

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